508 BC terms
agora- a public open space used for assemblies and markets. The literal meaning of the word is "gathering place" or "assembly". The agora was the center of the athletic, artistic, spiritual and political life in the city. Early in Greek history free-born citizens would gather in the agora for military duty or to hear statements of the ruling king or council. Later, the agora also served as a marketplace, where merchants kept stalls or shops to sell their goods. This attracted artisans who built workshops nearby.
polis- a city state in ancient Greece, especially as considered in its ideal form for philosophical purposes. Polis literally means city in Greek. It can also mean a body of citizens. In modern historiography, polis is normally used to indicate the ancient Greek city-states, like Classical Athens and its contemporaries, and is often translated as "city-state.
importance of the year 508 BC to the ancient Greeks- Democracy is introduced in Athens by Cleisthenes. He establishes a constitution and is often called the "Father of Athenian Democracy". This is one of the great accomplishments of the Greek culture.
socrates- a classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, and as being the first moral philosopher of the Western ethical tradition of thought. He has had a profound influence on Western philosophy, along with his students Plato and Aristole. Everything Plato knew or felt about philosophy, he learned it from Socrates. Socrates' execution also deeply affected Plato. His political and moral philosophy is strongly influenced by his hatred of the system that got Socrates killed.
the death of socrates- in 399 BC the philosopher Socrates stood before a jury of 500 of his fellow Athenians accused of "refusing to recognize the gods recognized by the state" and of "corrupting the youth." and as a punishment sentenced to death, caused by the drinking of a mixture containing poison hemlock.
the socratic method- also known as method of Elenchus, elenctic method, or Socratic debate, is a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presuppositions. The first step of the Socratic method is to examine a definition or claim. The second step of the Socratic method is putting forward a question that follows the previous definition or claim. The last and final step of the Socratic Method is for the questioned person to come to the realization that what he though he knew is not true knowledge
what the ancient Greeks meant if they called you an idiot- In ancient Athens contributing to politics and society in general was considered the norm and highly desirable. Being apolitical and selfish was frowned upon and all citizens aspired to be politically active. It was rare for citizens to demonstrate apathy towards what was happening in their state and common issues. The overwhelming majority of Athenians participated in politics to a greater or lesser extent. Those who did not contribute to politics and the community were known as “Idiotes”, originating from the word “Idios” which means the self. If you did not demonstrate social responsibility and political awareness you were considered apathetic, uneducated and ignorant. The word was transferred to latin as “idiota” and was used to describe an uneducated, ignorant, inexperienced, common person.
polis- a city state in ancient Greece, especially as considered in its ideal form for philosophical purposes. Polis literally means city in Greek. It can also mean a body of citizens. In modern historiography, polis is normally used to indicate the ancient Greek city-states, like Classical Athens and its contemporaries, and is often translated as "city-state.
importance of the year 508 BC to the ancient Greeks- Democracy is introduced in Athens by Cleisthenes. He establishes a constitution and is often called the "Father of Athenian Democracy". This is one of the great accomplishments of the Greek culture.
socrates- a classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy, and as being the first moral philosopher of the Western ethical tradition of thought. He has had a profound influence on Western philosophy, along with his students Plato and Aristole. Everything Plato knew or felt about philosophy, he learned it from Socrates. Socrates' execution also deeply affected Plato. His political and moral philosophy is strongly influenced by his hatred of the system that got Socrates killed.
the death of socrates- in 399 BC the philosopher Socrates stood before a jury of 500 of his fellow Athenians accused of "refusing to recognize the gods recognized by the state" and of "corrupting the youth." and as a punishment sentenced to death, caused by the drinking of a mixture containing poison hemlock.
the socratic method- also known as method of Elenchus, elenctic method, or Socratic debate, is a form of cooperative argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presuppositions. The first step of the Socratic method is to examine a definition or claim. The second step of the Socratic method is putting forward a question that follows the previous definition or claim. The last and final step of the Socratic Method is for the questioned person to come to the realization that what he though he knew is not true knowledge
what the ancient Greeks meant if they called you an idiot- In ancient Athens contributing to politics and society in general was considered the norm and highly desirable. Being apolitical and selfish was frowned upon and all citizens aspired to be politically active. It was rare for citizens to demonstrate apathy towards what was happening in their state and common issues. The overwhelming majority of Athenians participated in politics to a greater or lesser extent. Those who did not contribute to politics and the community were known as “Idiotes”, originating from the word “Idios” which means the self. If you did not demonstrate social responsibility and political awareness you were considered apathetic, uneducated and ignorant. The word was transferred to latin as “idiota” and was used to describe an uneducated, ignorant, inexperienced, common person.
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