gods and goddesses notes part 2

the fighting Spartans

  • Greeks were certainly a warlike people-especially the Spartans
  • Spartans were known for their tough, ruthless infantry: soldiers who fought on land
  • Spartans boys trained from the time they were seven
Athens-naval power
  • Athens had a great infantry but nothing could compare with their navy
  • their most effective weapon was the trireme
the phalanx
  • a close-ranked, dense grouping of warriors
  • armed with long spears and interlocking shields
  • soldiers could advance slowly toward the enemy, until they broke through their ranks
Persian wars
  1. Persian empire vs Greece
  • Greece is much much smaller
  • Persian empire was huge
  • Persians have a huge army, and nearly unlimited resources
army vs army comparison 

Greek army
  • iron weapons meant ordinary citizens could afford to arm themselves
  • foot soldiers (hoplites) trained from an early age
  • armed with spears, swords, shields
  • fought in phalanx formation
  • "home field" advantage
  • motivated to preserve democracy
Persian army
  • first archers
  • then cavalry
  • lightly armored infantry
  • huge numbers
  • long way from home
  • paid professional army soldiers (mercenaries)

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