measuring population and immigration

measuring population

 crude birth rate- number of births per 1000 of the population
crude death population- number of deaths per 1000 of the population

rate of natural increase (RNI)

  • produced by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate 
  • this gives us the annual natural growth rate - in percentage form - for a country or region
net migration rate- the difference between the number of persons entering and leaving a country during a year
  1. an excess of persons entering the country is net immigration
  • written as a positive number 
  • example: Canada has 5.65 migrants per 1000 population 
                          U.S. has 2.45

     2. an excess of persons leaving the country is net emigration 
  • written as a negative number
  • example: Mexico has -1.68 migrants per 1000 population
                                             -3.61 two years ago
                                             -3.11 last year

reasons for immigration:

push forces:
  • civil war
  • environmental degradation
  • unemployment or underemployment
  • religions or ethnic persecution
pull forces:
  • better economic opportunity
  • better health services
  • religious freedom
  • political freedom

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