Honors Human Geo

Aftermath To The Murder Julius Caesar’s grandnephew (and adopted son) Octavian takes over at the age of 18 with his own triumvirate Mark Antony : an experienced general Lepidus : a powerful politician This is the Second Triumvirate A Doomed Alliance Octavian forces Lepidus to retire He and Mark Antony become rivals Mark Antony then partners up with Cleopatra of Egypt Militarily Personally Politically Economically Octavian defeats them at the Battle of Actium Octavian On His Own He is now the unchallenged ruler of Rome He was given the honorific “Augustus” “Exalted one” He was also given the title “imperator” He was a supreme military commander Now Rome is an empire, not a republic Octavian Isn't A Tarquin 40 years of ruling as emperor (27 BC to AD 14) He began a stable era of peace and prosperity known as the Pax Romana ( Roman peace ) Pax Romana was 207 years long 27 BC to AD 180 Some Accomplishments...  Expanded the Roman

I will be taking the test during live class at 1:25 on June 2 Poor Plebs Juvenal said Rome “anxiously hopes for two things: bread and circuses” bread : free grain from the state... entertainment : Circus Maximus, Colosseum  to keep them alive  to keep them quiet, distracted, and docile A Change In Rule Tiberius Gracchus recognized the advantages of courting the plebeians  military generals worked that angle leading an army that conquers a land, giving them a share in the spoils soldiers’ loyalty was to their military leader (not to Rome or the Republic) Nobody Did That Better Than Caesar Julius Caesar          (100 - 44 BCE) a highly successful general conquered the huge territory of Gaul He Could Play The Game (Of Politics) he made common folks happy he made friends in high places Pompey : a general who conquered Syria and Palestine Crassus : the richest man in Rome, one of the richest men in all history Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus formed the

The essay topic I am choosing to do is: B.  Analyze the factors that contributed to the fall of the Roman Republic.

                                                             The Roman Empire Main idea : empire building the creation of the Roman Empire transformed Roman government, society, economy, and culture. why it matters now : The Roman Empire has served throughout history as a model of political organization and control. terms and names : civil war Julius Caesar triumvirate Augustus Pax Romana The Republic collapses Romans increasing wealth and expanding boundaries brought many problems including: growing disconnect among the lower classes of society and a breakdown in military order. Economic Turmoil  as Rome grew, the gap between rich and poor grew wider  rich land owners lived in huge Estates  thousands of enslaved persons were forced to work on these Estates  by 100 BC enslaved persons formed 1/3 of Rome's population  small farmers found it difficult to compete with the large Estates (many of these farmers were former soldiers) these farmers had to sell their lan

How : The Punic Wars were fought with shields, swords, daggers, and armor and tunic. Where : The Punic Wars took place at the Roman province of Africa. Why : The Punic Wars were fought because 1.) there were two empires fighting for control, 2.) Hannibal attacks and takes Rome, and 3.) Rome wanted to finally remove the threat of Carthage. Who : The Punic Wars consisted of 5000 soldiers, the Roman army’s elite heavy infantry recruited exclusively from Roman citizens.  They were placed in groups of eighty. Including multiple soldiers on horseback as the cavalry.

Slides 9-12 : In ancient Rome, Tarquin was a tyrant. Tarquin’s grandfather ends up dying making his widow name Servius Tullias king. This is because she liked him more than her own sons. S.T.’s daughters them marry two brothers, one of them being Tarquin. Tullia, one of the daughters, kills her husband and her own sister leaving her free to marry Tarquin. Tullia then persuades Tarquin to seize the throne from her father so he can sit on the throne and declare himself king. However, S.T. objects, and Tarquin throws him down the steps and into the street, then has him assassinated. Tullia hails Tarquin as the new king, but then he sends her home for safety. But on her way home, she sees her father's lifeless body, stops, and drives her chariot over his corpse. Tarquin refuses to bury his body, and assassinates senators who object his idea. Years later, Tarquin’s son, Sextus, and his friends are drinking when Sextus tries to force himself on a matron, Lucretia. She obviously refuses,